收藏词条 编辑词条 转炉炼钢对铁合金要求及其主要成分
有哪些，常用铁合金的是怎样的?
转炉炼钢对铁合金的主要要求是：
(1)铁合金块度应合适，为10～50mm；精炼用合金块度为10～30mm，成分和数量要准确。
(2)在保证钢质量的前提下，选用价格便宜的铁合金，以降低钢的成本。
(3)铁合金应保持干燥、干净。
(4)铁合金成分应符合技术标准规定，以避免炼钢操作失误。如硅铁中的铝、钙含量，沸腾钢脱氧用锰铁的硅含量，都直接影响钢水的脱氧程度。
转炉脱氧合金化常用的铁合金有Fe-Mn、Fe-Si、Mn-Si合金、Ca-Si合金、铝、Fe-Al、Ba-Ca-Si合金、Ba—Al-Si合金等。现将常用铁合金标准列于表2。
表2常用铁合金成分
|
成分w/% 铁合金 |
C |
Mn |
Si |
P |
S |
其他 |
备注 |
|
|
高碳 |
FeMn78 |
≤8.0 |
75.0-82.0 |
≤1.5 |
≤0.20 |
≤0.03 |
|
1)电炉锰铁 2)GB/T3795-96 |
|
锰铁 |
FeMn68 |
≤7.0 |
65.0-72.0 |
≤2.5 |
≤0.25 |
≤0.03 |
|
|
|
中碳 |
FeMn78 |
≤2.0 |
75.0-82.0 |
≤1.5 |
≤0.20 |
≤0.03 |
|
|
|
锰铁 |
FeMn82 |
≤1.0 |
78.0-85.0 |
≤1.5 |
≤0.20 |
≤0.03 |
|
|
|
低碳 |
FeMn84 |
≤0.7 |
80.0-87.0 |
≤1.0 |
≤0.20 |
≤0.02 |
|
|
|
锰铁 |
FeMn88 |
≤0.2 |
85.0-92.0 |
≤1.0 |
≤1.0 |
≤0.02 |
|
|
|
硅铁 |
FeSi |
≤0.1 |
≤0.4 |
74.0-80.0 |
≤0.035 |
≤0.02 |
|
GB2272-87 |
|
FeSi75B |
≤0.1 |
≤0.4 |
74.0-80.0 |
≤0.04 |
≤0.02 |
|
||
|
FeSi |
≤0.2 |
≤0.5 |
72.0-80.0 |
≤0.04 |
≤0.02 |
|
||
|
硅钙合金 |
Ca28Si60 |
≤1.0 |
Al≤2.4 |
55-65 |
≤0.04 |
≤0.05 |
Ca≥28 |
YB/T5051-97 |
|
硅锰合金 |
Mn68Si22 |
≤1.2 |
65.0-72.0 |
20.0-23.0 |
≤0.10 |
≤0.04 |
|
GB/T4008-96 |
|
Mn64Si18 |
≤1.8 |
60.0-67.0 |
17.0-20.0 |
≤0.10 |
≤0.04 |
|
||
|
铬铁 |
FeCr |
≤0.03 |
|
≤1.0 |
≤0.03 |
≤0.025 |
Cr=63.0-75.0 |
GB5683-87 |
|
FeCr |
≤1.0 |
|
≤1.5 |
≤0.03 |
≤0.025 |
Cr=63.0-75.0 |
||
|
FeCr |
≤9.5 |
|
≤3.0 |
≤0.03 |
≤0.04 |
Cr=62.0-72.0 |
||
|
钒铁 |
FeV |
≤0.75 |
|
≤2.0 |
≤0.10 |
≤0.06 |
V≥40;Al≤1.0 |
GB4139-87 |
|
Fe75B |
≤0.30 |
≤0.50 |
≤2.0 |
≤0.10 |
≤0.05 |
V≥75;Al≤3.0 |
||
|
钼铁 |
FeMo55 |
≤0.20 |
Cu≤0.5 |
≤1.0,Mo≥60 |
≤0.8 |
≤0.10 |
Sb≤0.05,Sn≤0.06 |
GB3649-87 |
|
FeMo60 |
≤0.15 |
Cu≤0.5 |
≤2.0,Mo≥55 |
≤0.5 |
≤0.10 |
Sb,Sn≤0.04 |
||
|
硼铁 |
FeB23 |
≤0.05 |
Al≤3.0 |
≤2.0 |
≤0.015 |
≤0.01 |
B=20.0-25.0 |
GB/T5682-95 |
|
FeB16 |
≤1.0 |
Al≤0.5 |
≤4.0 |
≤0.2 |
≤0.01 |
B=15.0-17.0 |
||
|
钛铁 |
FeTi |
≤0.10 |
≤2.5,Al≤9.0 |
≤3.0 |
≤0.03 |
≤0.03 |
Ti=35.0-45.0 |
GB3282-87 |
|
FeTi40B |
≤0.15 |
≤2.5,Al≤9.5 |
≤4.0 |
≤0.04 |
≤0.01 |
Ti=35.0-45.0 |
||
|
铌铁 |
FeNb70 |
≤0.04 |
≤0.8 |
≤1.5 |
≤0.04 |
≤0.01 |
Nb+Ta=70-80 |
GB7737-87 |
|
FeNb50 |
≤0.05 |
|
≤2.5 |
≤0.05 |
≤0.05 |
Nb+Ta=50-60 |
||
|
磷铁 |
FeP24 |
≤1.0 |
≤2.0 |
≤3.0 |
23-25 |
≤0.5 |
|
YB/T5036-93 |
|
硅钙钡 铝合金 |
Al16Ba9Si30 |
≤0.4 |
≤0.40 |
≥30.0 |
≤0.04 |
≤0.02 |
Ca≥12,Ba≥9,Al≥12 |
YB/T067-95 |
|
硅钡铝 合金 |
Al26Ba9Si30 |
≤0.20 |
≤0.30 |
≥30.0 |
≤0.03 |
≤0.02 |
Ba≥9,Al≥26 |
YB/T066-95 |
|
硅铝合金 |
Al27Si30 |
≤0.40 |
≤0.40 |
≥30.0 |
≤0.03 |
≤0.03 |
Al≥27.0 |
YB/T065-95 |
|
钨铁 |
FeW |
≤0.10 |
≤0.25 |
≤0.5 |
≤0.03 |
≤0.03 |
W=75-85 |
GB/T3648-96 |
|
硅钙钡 |
Ba-Ca-Si |
|
Al≤2.0 |
52-56 |
≤0.05 |
≤0.15 |
Ca≥14,Ba≥14,Ca+Ba≥28 |
实际使用成分 |
|
铝锰铁 |
Fe-Mn-Al |
1.30 |
30.8 |
1.58 |
0.070 |
0.006 |
Al=24.4 |
实际使用成分 |
|
氮钒铁 |
FeV-N |
6.45 |
Al=0.14 |
0.09 |
0.02 |
0.10 |
V=79.06,N=12.6 |
实际使用成分 |